研究成果 -- 中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室

研究成果

近五年的代表性研究成果：

1.我国海域有害藻华物种的多样性及其时空动态分布

遍布全球的赤潮问题近几十年来在我国海域愈演愈烈，成为我国海域最突出的生态灾害之一。本课题组整合国内外资料，参照联合国教科文组织有害藻华参考名单，完成了赤潮物种统计。系统梳理渤海、黄海、东海、南海及长江口、珠江口、北部湾、胶州湾、秦皇岛等海域的历史航次记录，获得我国海域浮游植物和有害藻华物种的名录。此外，历史航次大多基于传统光学显微镜法，对隐存种、易碎或微型类群分辨率不足。为此，团队运用宏条形码技术，对主要海域和海湾开展大数据集成分析，精准鉴定我国有毒有害藻华物种，解析有害藻华物种的时空动态分布，为赤潮预警与治理提供科学基石。

1. Shuya Liu, Kate Gibson, Zongmei Cui, Yang Chen, Xiaoxia Sun, Nansheng Chen. 2020. Metabarcoding analysis of harmful algal species in Jiaozhou Bay. Harmful Algae. 92:101772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101772.

2. Shuya Liu, Zongmei Cui, Yongfang Zhao, Nansheng Chen. 2022. Composition and spatial-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton community shaped by environmental selection and interactions in the Jiaozhou Bay. Water Research. 218:118488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118488.

3. Kuiyan Liu, Shuya Liu, Zongmei Cui, Yongfang Zhao, Nansheng Chen. 2024. Rich diversity and active spatial–temporal dynamics of Thalassiosira species revealed by time-series metabarcoding analysis. ISME Communications. 4(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1093/ismeco/ycad009.

4. Kuiyan Liu, Xianliang Huang, Xiangxiang Ding, Nansheng Chen. 2024. The high molecular diversity in Noctiluca scintillans is dominated by intra-genomic variations revealed by single cell high-throughput sequencing of 18S rDNA V4. Harmful Algae. 132:102568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102568.

5. Zongmei Cui, Shuya Liu, Qing Xu, Yongfang Zhao, Nansheng Chen. 2023. Differential ecological adaptation of diverse Chaetoceros species revealed by metabarcoding analysis. Environmental DNA. 5(6):1332-1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.455.

2. 藻毒素合成基因的起源与演化

自1987年加拿大爱德华王子岛发生伪菱形藻（Pseudo-nitzschia）污染贻贝致多人伤亡事件以来，伪菱形藻所产软骨藻酸（DA）的生态风险引发全球持续关注。目前全球已鉴定60余种伪菱形藻，其中近半数为产毒种，我国海域亦发现11种。除伪菱形藻外，船斑菱形藻也被发现可产DA及其异构体。2018年，美国科学家首次解析伪菱形藻中呈串联排列的DA合成基因簇，为追溯毒素演化路径奠定基础。本课题组在此基础上，利用三代测序与Hi-C技术，首次完成3种伪菱形藻染色体级别基因组组装，并创新性提出DA合成基因“一次获得、多次独立丢失”（SAMIL）的演化模型。通过基因组测序与比较分析，在船斑菱形藻（Nitzschia navis-varingica）中鉴定到dab同源基因，但其呈分散分布，且存在dabC基因复制现象，提示其合成路径具有独特性。系统发育分析进一步表明，DA合成能力可能源于水平基因转移与CYP450基因新功能化的共同作用。

1. Zongmei Cui, Hui Wang, Po Teen Lim, Suh Nih Tan, Yuichi Kotaki, Chui Pin Leaw, Nansheng Chen. 2025. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of the domoic acid biosynthesis genes in the benthic diatom Nitzschia navis-varingica (Bacillariophyceae). Harmful Algae. 148: 102905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.102905.

2. Ziyan He, Qing Xu, Yang Chen, Shuya Liu, Huiyin Song, Hui Wang, Chui Pin Leaw, Nansheng Chen. 2024. Acquisition and evolution of the neurotoxin domoic acid biosynthesis gene cluster in Pseudo-nitzschia species. Communications Biology. 7:1378. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-07068-7.

3. 甲藻生活史关键过程的分子生态学基础解析

甲藻具有水体营养生长和底栖休眠孢囊的二相生活史，有害藻华是营养细胞的爆发性生长所致，而休眠孢囊在甲藻地理扩散和藻华起始等生态学过程中具有关键作用。课题组过去五年通过宏转录组、转录组、蛋白组等多组学技术结合定量PCR、酶联免疫法、高效液相色谱-串联质谱法等多种生理生化检测手段，揭示了甲藻孢囊在转录水平上存在广泛活跃的代谢途径及其对孢囊维持存活和萌发潜力的重要作用，发现植物激素脱落酸、赤霉素和褪黑素在甲藻休眠孢囊的形成和萌发过程中的重要调控作用。国际上首次发现孢囊中存在活跃的细胞自噬作用可能通过参与能量代谢对甲藻休眠维持和稳态做出贡献。结合分子生物学方法、生物信息分析和生理学实验，阐明甲藻生活史的营养生长阶段对维生素B₁₂依赖性营养的遗传学基础，解释了B₁₂对甲藻赤潮的调控作用。以上工作为完整阐释甲藻生活史策略在分子适应性进化水平的研究提供了关键基础。

1. Yunyan Deng, Caixia Yue, Huijiao Yang, Fengting Li, Zhangxi Hu, Lixia Shang, Zhaoyang Chai, Senjie Lin, and Ying Zhong Tang. 2025. Broad active metabolic pathways, autophagy, and antagonistic hormones regulate dinoflagellate cyst dormancy in marine sediments. Science Advances. 11: eads7789. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00925-z.

2. Siheng Lin, Zhangxi Hu, Xiaoying Song, Christopher Gobler, Ying Zhong Tang. 2022. Vitamin B12-auxotrophy in dinoflagellates caused by incomplete or absent cobalamin-independent methionine synthase genes (metE). Fundamental Research. 2(5), 727-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmre.2021.12.014.

3. Fengting Li, Caixia Yue, Yunyan Deng, Ying Zhong Tang. 2025. Full-length transcriptome analysis of a bloom-forming dinoflagellate Scrippsiella acuminata (Dinophyceae). Scientific Data. 12: 352. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04699-1.

4. Caixia Yue, Yunyan Deng, Fengting Li, Zhaoyang Chai, Zhe Tao, Lixia Shang, Ying Zhong Tang. 2025.Melatonin promotes dinoflagellate cyst germination by crosstalk with abscisic acid and gibberellin. Harmful Algae. 103030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.103030.

4. 对甲藻生活史和休眠孢囊多样性及历史地理分布研究取得创新性发现

甲藻生活史的研究（如有性无性生殖、产生休眠孢囊、孢囊历史地理分布、孢囊萌发潜力和生长动力学等）为有害藻华生态学及藻华防控提供最基础的认识。课题组过去五年通过多种技术手段在实验室和海洋沉积物中证实典型赤潮甲藻米氏凯伦藻、剧毒卡尔藻、东海原甲藻以有性方式形成休眠孢囊和虫黄藻贪食自游藻以无性方式产生休眠孢囊；通过融合宏条形码分析、单孢囊PCR测序、荧光原位杂交和萌发实验等技术和研发萌发原位监测装置于表层和柱状沉积物检（监）测，基本探明我国近海有毒有害甲藻孢囊的物种多样性和分布特征，证明了大量重要的有害甲藻孢囊的原位萌发和“赤潮接种”能力，发现山东近海百年沉积物中的孢囊纪录指示了藻华历史事件、富营养化发展和生物入侵的可能性。这些成果极大地丰富了对甲藻生活史、我国海域甲藻孢囊多样性和历史地理分布特征的科学认识及其研究手段。

1. Shuo Shi, Zhe Tao, Wanli Yang, Fengting Li, Ben Wei, Caixia Yue, Suzhi Pan, Yunyan Deng, Lixia Shang, Zhaoyang Chai, Ying Zhong Tang. 2025. A newly developed Germlings Harvester (GEHA) in combination with metabarcoding analysis detected numerous plankton species, particularly HABs-causing species, from in-situ germination of resting stage cells. Harmful Algae. 103002.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.103002.

2. Zhe Tao, Yuyang Liu, Xiaohan Liu, Caixia Yue, Xiaoying Song, Zhangxi Hu, Shuo Shi, Ruoxi Li, Yunyan Deng, Lixia Shang, Zhaoyang Chai, Ying Zhong Tang. 2025. Single-cyst morpho-molecular identification detected an unexpected high species diversity of dinoflagellate resting cysts from the coastal seas of China. Harmful Algae 149, 102941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2025.102941.

3. Ruoxi Li, Yunyan Deng, Lixia Shang, Yuyang Liu, Zhe Tao, Zhaoyang Chai, Ying Zhong Tang. 2024. Evidence for the production of asexual resting cysts in a free-living species of Symbiodiniaceae (Dinophyceae). Harmful Algae. 137, 102658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102658.

4. Xiaohan Liu, Yuyang Liu, Zhaoyang Chai, Zhangxi Hu, Ying Zhong Tang. 2023. A combined approach detected novel species diversity and distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in the Yellow Sea, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 187, 114567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114567.

5. Yuyang Liu, Zhangxi Hu, Yunyan Deng, Ying Zhong Tang. 2020. Evidence for production of sexual resting cysts by the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi in clonal cultures and marine sediments. Journal of Phycology. 56(1), 121-134. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12925.

6. Zhaoyang Chai, Huan Wang, Yunyan Deng, Zhangxi Hu, Ying Zhong Tang. 2020. Harmful algal blooms significantly reduce the resource use efficiency in a coastal plankton community. Science of Total Environment. 704, 135381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135381.

课题组近五年发表其它论文：

1. Feng Liu, Shuangle Jin, Jang Kyun Kim, Xiaochan Wu, Jing Wang. 2025. Occurrence frequency, molecular evolution and phylogenetic utility of Ulva-specific chloroplast group II intron infA-62 family. Frontiers in Marine Science. 12: 1557121. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1557121.

2. Nansheng Chen, Qing Xu, Jianan Zhu, Huiyin Song, Ziyan He, Shuya Liu, Xiuxian Song, Yongquan Yuan, Yang Chen, Xihua Cao, Zhiming Yu. 2024. Chromosome-scale genome assembly reveals insights into the evolution and ecology of the harmful algal bloom species Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel. iScience. 27: 110575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.110575.

4. Mingkai Zhu, Yan Li, Dong Liu, Zhiyuan Gong. 2024. Partial hepatectomy promotes the development of KRASG12V-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish. Cancers 16, no. 10: 1793. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16101793.

5. Mingkai Zhu, Yan Li, Qiaosen Shen, Zhiyuan Gong, Dong Liu. 2024. Sex disparity in zebrafish liver cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy is regulated by sex hormone receptors and the S100A1-YAP signaling cascade. Disease Models & Mechanisms: dmm050900. https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.050900.

6. Feng Liu, Jiamin Li, Shuangle Jin, Liang Liu. 2024. Molecular diversity and seasonal dynamics of Ostreococcus (Mamiellophyceae, Chlorophyta) in typical mariculture bays based on metabarcoding analysis. Marine Environmental Research 202: 106764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106764.

7. Zhe Tao, Xiaohan Liu, Xiaoying Song, Yunyan Deng, Lixia Shang, Zhaoyang Chai, Zhangxi Hu, Yuyang Liu, Ying Zhong Tang. 2024. Species and genetic diversity of notorious dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida, Luciella masanensis, and relatives in marine sediments of China. Harmful Algae. 140, 102746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102746.

8. Lixia Shang, Zhangxi Hu, Yunyan Deng, Jing Li, Yuyang Liu, Xiaoying Song, Xinyu Zhai, Zifeng Zhan, Wen Tian, Jinxiang Xu, Hao Shen, Hua Ding, Ying Zhong Tang. 2024. Transoceanic ships as a source of alien dinoflagellate invasions of inland freshwater ecosystems. Harmful Algae. 135, 102630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102630.

9. Jing Wang, Qing Xu, Min Chen, Yang Chen, Chunde Wang, Nansheng Chen. 2023. Chromosome-level genome assembly of the Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa reveals major inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangements and substantial expansion of the copine gene family. GigaScience. 12: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giad105.

10. Shuya Liu, Qing Xu, Nansheng Chen. 2023. Expansion of photoreception-related gene families may drive ecological adaptation of the dominant diatom species Skeletonema marinoi. Science of the Total Environment. 897: 165384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165384.

11. Yunyan Deng, Kui Wang, Zhangxi Hu, Qiang Hu, Ying Zhong Tang. 2023. Toxic and non-toxic dinoflagellates host distinct bacterial communities in their phycospheres. Communications Earth & Environment. 4: 263.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00925-z.

12. Yan Li, Ai Qi Lee, Zhiyuan Lu, Yuxi Sun, Jeng-Wei Lu, Ziheng Ren, Na Zhang, Dong Liu, Zhiyuan Gong. 2022. Systematic characterization of the disruption of intestine during liver tumor progression in the xmrk oncogene transgenic zebrafish model. Cells 11, no. 11: 1810. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11111810.

13. Feng Liu, James T. Melton III, Hongshu Wang, Jing Wang, Juan M. Lopez-Bautista. 2022. Understanding the evolution of mitochondrial genomes in the green macroalgal genus Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). Frontiers in Marine Science 9: 850710. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.850710.

14. Feng Liu, Hongshu Wang, Wenli Song. 2022. Tandem integration of circular plasmid contributes significantly to the expanded mitochondrial genomes of the green-tide forming alga Ulva meridionalis (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). Frontiers in Plant Science 13: 937398. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.937398.

15. Ying Zhong Tang, Lixia Shang, Fred C. Dobbs. 2022. Measuring viability of dinoflagellate cysts and diatoms with stains to test the efficiency of facsimile treatments possibly applicable to ships’ ballast water and sediment. Harmful Algae. 114, 102220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2022.102220.

16. Ai Qi Lee, Yan Li, Zhiyuan Gong. 2021. Inducible liver cancer models in transgenic zebrafish to investigate cancer biology. Cancers. 13, no. 20: 5148. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13205148.

17. Keng Po Lai, Zhiyuan Gong, and William Ka Fai Tse. 2021. Zebrafish as the toxicant screening model: Transgenic and omics approaches. Aquatic Toxicology 234: 105813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105813.

18. Nakayama Joji, Lora Tan, Yan Li, Boon Cher Goh, Shu Wang, Hideki Makinoshima, Zhiyuan Gong. 2021. A chemical screen based on an interruption of zebrafish gastrulation identifies the HTR2C inhibitor Pizotifen as a suppressor of EMT-mediated metastasis. eLife. 10: e70151. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.70151.

19. Feng Liu, James T. Melton III. 2021. Chloroplast genomes of the green-tide forming alga Ulva compressa: Comparative chloroplast genomics in the genus Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). Frontiers in Marine Science. 8: 668542. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.668542.

20. Lixia Shang, Yangbing Xu, Chui Pin Leaw, Po Teen Lim, Jiuming Wang, Junhui Chen, Yunyan Deng, Zhangxi Hu, Ying Zhong Tang. 2021. Potent allelopathy and non-PSTs, non-spirolides toxicity of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium leei to phytoplankton, finfish and zooplankton observed from laboratory bioassays. Science of the Total Environment. 780, 146484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146484.

21. Feng Liu, James T. Melton III, Juan M. Lopez-Bautista, Nansheng Chen. 2020. Multiple intraspecific variations of mitochondrial genomes in the green-tide forming alga, Ulva compressa Linnaeus (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). Frontiers in Marine Science 7: 714. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00714.

海洋环境组学与演化生态学研究组